From 944562ddc856f44b4fa545a5d309d8186e66f268 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Date: Sat, 11 Apr 2026 15:02:27 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] feat: add SHA-256 benchmark comparing Android native vs our C
 vs Kotlin
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Three SHA-256 implementations benchmarked on the same phone:
- sha256Android: Android's MessageDigest (BoringSSL + ARM64 CE hardware)
- sha256OurC: Our C SHA-256 (ARM64 CE hardware via JNI)
- sha256Kotlin: Kotlin's sha256 (platform MessageDigest on Android)

Also add nativeSha256 JNI method to expose our hardware SHA-256.

Why our C matches ACINQ on ARM64 despite different architectures:
- Our 4x64: 16 MUL+UMULH pairs per field mul
- ACINQ 5x52: 25 MUL+UMULH pairs per field mul
- We save 9 multiply pairs (~27ns on Cortex-X3) per fe_mul
- ACINQ saves ~6 normalizations with lazy reduction (~6ns)
- Net advantage: ~21ns per mul × 500 muls/verify > 0
- Plus our SHA-256 uses hardware CE, ACINQ's is software

https://claude.ai/code/session_011KVZhDcV2G7idNWEBz12GY
---
 .../quartz/benchmark/Secp256k1CBenchmark.kt   | 34 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../utils/Secp256k1InstanceC.android.kt       |  2 ++
 .../vitorpamplona/quartz/utils/Secp256k1C.kt  |  2 ++
 quartz/src/main/c/secp256k1/jni_bridge.c      | 17 ++++++++++
 4 files changed, 55 insertions(+)

diff --git a/benchmark/src/androidTest/java/com/vitorpamplona/quartz/benchmark/Secp256k1CBenchmark.kt b/benchmark/src/androidTest/java/com/vitorpamplona/quartz/benchmark/Secp256k1CBenchmark.kt
index c33d9df1e..c3ac6eb2f 100644
--- a/benchmark/src/androidTest/java/com/vitorpamplona/quartz/benchmark/Secp256k1CBenchmark.kt
+++ b/benchmark/src/androidTest/java/com/vitorpamplona/quartz/benchmark/Secp256k1CBenchmark.kt
@@ -214,6 +214,40 @@ class Secp256k1CBenchmark {
         }
     }
 
+    // ==================== SHA-256 Comparison ====================
+
+    private val sha256Input = ByteArray(160) { it.toByte() } // BIP-340 tagged hash size
+
+    @Test
+    fun sha256Android() {
+        // Android's native SHA-256 (BoringSSL with ARM64 Crypto Extensions)
+        val md = java.security.MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256")
+        benchmarkRule.measureRepeated {
+            md.reset()
+            md.update(sha256Input)
+            md.digest()
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun sha256OurC() {
+        // Our C SHA-256 (ARM64 CE hardware acceleration)
+        Secp256k1InstanceC.init()
+        benchmarkRule.measureRepeated {
+            com.vitorpamplona.quartz.utils.Secp256k1C
+                .nativeSha256(sha256Input)
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun sha256Kotlin() {
+        // Kotlin SHA-256 (uses platform MessageDigest on Android)
+        benchmarkRule.measureRepeated {
+            com.vitorpamplona.quartz.utils.sha256
+                .sha256(sha256Input)
+        }
+    }
+
     private fun hexToBytes(hex: String): ByteArray {
         val len = hex.length / 2
         val result = ByteArray(len)
diff --git a/quartz/src/androidMain/kotlin/com/vitorpamplona/quartz/utils/Secp256k1InstanceC.android.kt b/quartz/src/androidMain/kotlin/com/vitorpamplona/quartz/utils/Secp256k1InstanceC.android.kt
index adc8cb42d..9c9c3b6d7 100644
--- a/quartz/src/androidMain/kotlin/com/vitorpamplona/quartz/utils/Secp256k1InstanceC.android.kt
+++ b/quartz/src/androidMain/kotlin/com/vitorpamplona/quartz/utils/Secp256k1InstanceC.android.kt
@@ -89,6 +89,8 @@ object Secp256k1C {
         xonlyPub: ByteArray,
         scalar: ByteArray,
     ): ByteArray?
+
+    @JvmStatic external fun nativeSha256(data: ByteArray): ByteArray?
 }
 
 actual object Secp256k1InstanceC {
diff --git a/quartz/src/jvmMain/kotlin/com/vitorpamplona/quartz/utils/Secp256k1C.kt b/quartz/src/jvmMain/kotlin/com/vitorpamplona/quartz/utils/Secp256k1C.kt
index ca24e6427..079f65024 100644
--- a/quartz/src/jvmMain/kotlin/com/vitorpamplona/quartz/utils/Secp256k1C.kt
+++ b/quartz/src/jvmMain/kotlin/com/vitorpamplona/quartz/utils/Secp256k1C.kt
@@ -84,4 +84,6 @@ object Secp256k1C {
         xonlyPub: ByteArray,
         scalar: ByteArray,
     ): ByteArray?
+
+    @JvmStatic external fun nativeSha256(data: ByteArray): ByteArray?
 }
diff --git a/quartz/src/main/c/secp256k1/jni_bridge.c b/quartz/src/main/c/secp256k1/jni_bridge.c
index 6b4126da9..80337b257 100644
--- a/quartz/src/main/c/secp256k1/jni_bridge.c
+++ b/quartz/src/main/c/secp256k1/jni_bridge.c
@@ -273,3 +273,20 @@ Java_com_vitorpamplona_quartz_utils_Secp256k1C_nativeEcdhXOnly(
     if (!secp256k1c_ecdh_xonly(result, pub, sc)) return NULL;
     return make_bytes(env, result, 32);
 }
+
+/* ==================== SHA-256 (for benchmarking hardware vs software) ==================== */
+
+JNIEXPORT jbyteArray JNICALL
+Java_com_vitorpamplona_quartz_utils_Secp256k1C_nativeSha256(
+    JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jbyteArray data
+) {
+    (void)cls;
+    jint len = (*env)->GetArrayLength(env, data);
+    uint8_t *buf = (uint8_t *)(*env)->GetByteArrayElements(env, data, NULL);
+    if (!buf) return NULL;
+
+    uint8_t out[32];
+    secp256k1_sha256_hash(out, buf, (size_t)len);
+    (*env)->ReleaseByteArrayElements(env, data, (jbyte *)buf, JNI_ABORT);
+    return make_bytes(env, out, 32);
+}